| General
Assembly |
Distr.: General
8 August 2001
Original:
English |
Fifty-fifth
session
Request for the
inclusion of a supplementary item in the agenda of the fifty-sixth session
Need to examine the
exceptional international situation pertaining to the Republic of China on Taiwan, to
ensure that the fundamental right of its twenty-three million people to participate in the
work and activities of the United Nations is fully respected
Letter dated 8 August 2001 from the
representatives of Belize, Burkina Faso, Chad, Dominica, El Salvador, the Gambia,
Nicaragua, Palau, Senegal and Tuvalu to the United Nations addressed to the
Secretary-General
Upon
the instruction of our respective Governments, we have the honour to request, pursuant to
rule 14 of the rules of procedure of the General Assembly, the inclusion in the agenda of
the fifty-sixth session of a supplementary item entitled “Need to examine the
exceptional international situation pertaining to the Republic of China on Taiwan, to
ensure that the fundamental right of its twenty-three million people to participate in the
work and activities of the United Nations is fully respected”. Pursuant to rule 20 of
the rules of procedure of the General Assembly, we attach an explanatory memorandum (see annex I) and a draft resolution (see
annex II).
(Signed) Stuart W. Leslie
Permanent Representative of Belize to the United Nations
(Signed) Michel Kafando
Permanent Representative of Burkina Faso to the United Nations
(Signed) Koumtog Laotegguelnodji
Permanent Representative of Chad to the United Nations
(Signed) Simon Paul Richards
Permanent Representative of Dominica to the United Nations
(Signed) Jose Roberto Andino Salazar
Permanent Representative of El Salvador to the United Nations
(Signed) Baboucarr-Blaise Ismaila Jagne
Permanent Representative of the Gambia to the United Nations
(Signed) Eduardo J. Sevilla Somoza
Permanent Representative of Nicaragua to the United Nations
(Signed) Rhinehart Silas
Chargé d’affaires a.i.
Embassy of Palau to the United States of America
(Signed) Ibra Deguene Ka
Permanent Representative of Senegal to the United Nations
(Signed) Enele S. Sopoaga
Permanent Representative of the Tuvalu to the United Nations
Annex I to
the letter dated 8 August 2001 from the representatives of Belize, Burkina Faso, Chad,
Dominica, El Salvador, the Gambia, Nicaragua, Palau, Senegal and Tuvalu to the United
Nations addressed to the Secretary-General
Explanatory Memorandum
The Republic of China on Taiwan is the only aspiring
country that remains excluded from the United Nations after the admission of Tuvalu to the
United Nations in 2000. Today, for the following reasons, there is an urgent need to
examine this situation and to redress this mistaken omission.
1. The Republic of China is a democratic
country and its democratically elected Government is the sole legitimate one that can
actually represent the interests and wishes of the people of Taiwan in the United Nations.
The
Republic of China and the People’s Republic of China have coexisted on their
respective sides of the Taiwan Strait, with neither subject to the other’s rule for
decades. Over that past half-century, each side has developed its own political system,
social values and foreign relations. Therefore, each of these two sides can speak for and
represent only the people actually under its jurisdiction on its respective side of the
Taiwan Strait. Contrary to some claims, the People's Republic of China has never exercised
any control over Taiwan since 1949.
2. The exclusion of the Republic of China from
the United Nations and its related agencies has created a major and serious obstacle for
both the Government and the people of the Republic of China in their pursuit of normal
participation in international organizations and activities.
From
1950 to 1971, the United Nations considered the question of China’s representation.
In October 1971, at its twenty-sixth session, the General Assembly adopted resolution 2758 (XXVI), in which it decided that the China seat
would be taken by the People’s Republic of China. That resolution, however, failed to
address the issue of legitimate representation for the people of Taiwan in the United
Nations.
Worse
still, the above-mentioned resolution had often been invoked to deter the participation of
individuals and non-governmental groups of Taiwan in United Nations activities and all
activities related to the functions of the Economic and Social Council. This unjust
exclusion of the Republic of China's civil associations and individuals runs counter to
the predominant trend of involving all possible participants in international affairs.
The
principle of universality, enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations, demonstrates
that the United Nations is open to all States regardless of their size and population; all
are welcome to participate and their rights must be guaranteed. In recent years, the
United Nations has expanded its functions to include the respect for human rights,
advocacy of freedom, realization of democracy, cooperation on economic and social
development, humanitarian assistance and peacekeeping operations. However, with all the
United Nations achievements in realizing the principle of universality, there is still one
country left uncovered by this principle. The involuntary absence of the Republic of China
in United Nations activities poses an irony to the United Nations principle of
universality.
3. The Republic of China, a country with
significant achievements, is a constructive and responsible member of the international
community.
The Republic of China, with a population of 23 million, has played a positive role
in entrenching democracy, promoting world trade, eradicating poverty and advancing human
rights, a fact that merits recognition by States Members of the United Nations. Above all,
it is a peace-loving country, which is able and willing to carry out the obligations
contained in the Charter of the United Nations.
The Republic of China held its first direct presidential election in March 1996,
the first time in history that the Republic elected its highest leader by popular vote. In
March 2000, Mr. Chen Shui-bian of the Democratic Progressive Party was elected in the
second direct presidential election, marking the first-ever change of political parties
for presidency of the Republic of China.
The Republic of China is one of the most successful examples of economic
development in the twenty-first century. It is now the world’s seventeenth largest
economy in terms of GNP, and the fifteenth most important trading country and the foreign
reserves in the world.
The Republic of China is also a humanitarian-minded country. Over the years it has
sent over 10,000 experts to countries in Asia, the South Pacific, Latin America and
Africa, to help develop their agricultural, fishery and aquacultural industries.
Over the past years, it also has provided disaster relief and rehabilitation assistance to
countries suffering from natural disasters and the ravages of wars.
Taiwan contributes to regional development programmes through international
financial institutions such as the Asian Development Bank, the Central American Bank for
Economic Integration, the Inter-American Development Bank, the African Development Bank
and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
Taiwan is fully committed to upholding the international norms of human
rights spearheaded by the United Nations. In his inaugural speech in May 2000 and again in
his New Year address to the nation in January 2001, President Chen Pointed Rights, the
International Convention on Civil and Political Rights and the Vienna Declaration and
Programme of Action. The Ministry of Justice of the Republic of China has introduced a
draft version of the basic law on the protection of human rights, which includes sections
devoted to the rights of women, children, labourers, the physically and mentally
challenged, senior citizens and aborigines.
4. The United Nations should take note of the
recent conciliatory gestures of the Republic of China towards the People’s Republic
of China and play a facilitating role by providing a forum for their reconciliation and
rapprochement.
President Chen, in his year-end national address in 2000, appealed to the
Government and leaders on the Chinese mainland to overcome the current dispute and
deadlock over the Taiwan Strait through tolerance, foresight and wisdom.
On 1January 2001, the Republic of China implemented "three mini-links" to launch
direct trade, postal and shipping links between Taiwan's two offshore island groups of
Kinmen and Matsu and mainland China's Xiamen and Fuzhou. Taiwan hopes to foster mutual
confidence and gradually build mutual trust between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait
through those links.
With a view to promoting exchanges across the Taiwan Strait, Taiwan has granted permission
to journalists from mainland China to be posted for a period of one month in Taiwan so as
to facilitate coverage of Taiwan, to Mainland China spouses of Taiwan residents to work in
Taiwan, to banks in Taiwan to open representative offices in mainland China, to
high-ranking officials to visit mainland China, and to an exchange of information of
criminal activities between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait.
As an organization dedicated to the preservation and maintenance of world peace and
security, the United Nations should facilitate reconciliation and a peace process
between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait. The United Nations can serve as a forum to
foster mutual understanding and goodwill between the Republic of China and the
People’s Republic of China.
5. In the world of increasing globalization,
the General Assembly should act to ensure that the voice of the 23 million people on
Taiwan is heard in the United Nations and its related organizations.
Tremendous changes have taken place globally in the past two decades. The world is
facing increasingly demanding tasks in eradicating disease and poverty, combating
HIV/AIDS, protecting the environment and endangered species, regulating human migration
and population growth, and promoting human rights and dignity. Many of those issues call
for global and comprehensive efforts that transcend traditional national boundaries. To be
more effective and efficient, these joint efforts require not only broader support and
cooperation from national actors and individuals. Sa the world organization with the most
comprehensive of the international community to join in the partnership to further the
objectives and purposes of the United Nations.
People around the world are confronting new challenges in the new millennium.
Reconciliation has replaced confrontation as the dominant spirit of the twenty-first
century and the mainstream value of the international community. It is high time that the
United Nations seriously reconsider the abnormal situation of continued exclusion of
Taiwan from this most important global forum. With the participation of the Republic of
China, the United Nations can live up to its principle of universality, achieve its goal
of preventive diplomacy and facilitate the cross-strait reconciliation and peace process.
Annex II to the letter
dated 8 August 2001 from the representatives of Belize, Burkina Faso, Chad, Dominica, El
Salvador, the Gambia, Nicaragua, Palau, Senegal and Tuvalu to the United Nations addressed
to the Secretary-General
Draft Resolution
The General Assembly,
Considering,
with concern, the fact that the twenty-three million people of the Republic of China on
Taiwan are the only remaining people in the world who still do not have actual and
legitimate representation in the United Nations,
Recognizing that since 1949 the Government of the
Republic of China has exercised effective control and jurisdiction over the Taiwan area
while the Government of the People’s Republic of China has exercised effective
control and jurisdiction over the Chinese mainland during the same time period,
Acknowledging that the Republic of China on Taiwan
is a constructive and responsible member of the international community, with a democratic
system and a strong, vibrant economy,
Observing that the strategic location of Taiwan is
vital to the peace and security of the East Asian and Pacific regions and that the
differences between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait should be resolved peacefully in
the interest of international peace and security
Mindful of the fact that the Republic of China has
committed itself to peaceful resolution of differences with the People’s Republic of
China and has repeatedly offered friendly and conciliatory gestures towards the leadership
of the People’s Republic of China,
Noting the declaration of the Government of the
Republic of China on Taiwan that it accepts without condition the obligations contained in
the Charter of the United Nations, that it is able and willing to carry out those
obligations, and that it is fully committed to observing the principles and spirit of the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
Stressing the significance that recognition of and
respect for the fundamental rights of the twenty-three million people of the Republic of
China on Taiwan would have for upholding the principles and spirit of the Charter of the
United Nations,
Decides:
(a) To establish a working group of the General Assembly
with the mandate of examining thoroughly the exceptional international situation
pertaining to the Republic of China on Taiwan with a view to ensuring that its
twenty-three million people participate in the United Nations and its related agencies and
thereby contribute actively to the international community;
(b) To invite the representatives of the Republic of China
to take part in the work of the working group;
(c) To express its concern about cross-strait tension and
its possible impact upon regional peace, stability and prosperity, and to encourage the
Republic of China on Taiwan and the People's of China to resume dialogue and
communications on the basis of equal footing and peaceful solution;
(d) To call for a peaceful resolution of differences
between the Republic of China and the People's Republic of China, which bears heavily on
the peace and security of Asia and the Pacific, and to encourage the international
community to pay close attention to the situation in that region.
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